Duke Yin, Year 10

In the tenth year, in spring, in the second month of the Zhou calendar, Duke Yin met with Duke Xi of Qi and Duke Zhuang of Zheng at Zhongqiu.

In summer, Prince Hui led troops to join forces with the men of Qi and the men of Zheng to attack the state of Song.

In the sixth month, on the day Renchen, Duke Yin defeated the Song army at the place of Jian. On the day Xinwei, he occupied the city of Gao. On the day Xinsi, he occupied the city of Fang.

In autumn, the men of Song and the men of Wei entered Zheng. The men of Song, the men of Cai, and the men of Wei attacked the state of Dai. Duke Zhuang of Zheng attacked Dai and seized it.

In winter, in the tenth month, on the day Renwu, the men of Qi and the men of Zheng entered the state of Cheng.

(This is the text of the Spring and Autumn Annals. Below is the explanation from the Zuo Commentary:)

In the tenth year, in spring, in the first month of the Zhou calendar, Duke Yin met with Duke Xi of Qi and Duke Zhuang of Zheng at Zhongqiu. On the day Guichou, they formed a covenant at Deng, agreeing on the date for the military expedition.

In summer, in the fifth month, Yufu (Prince Hui) went ahead of Duke Yin to join forces with Duke Xi of Qi and Duke Zhuang of Zheng, and they attacked the state of Song.

In the sixth month, on the day Wushen, Duke Yin met with Duke Xi of Qi and Duke Zhuang of Zheng at Laotao. On the day Renchen, Duke Yin defeated the Song army at Jian. On the day Gengwu, the Zheng army entered the city of Gao. On the day Xinwei, the city of Gao was assigned to our state. On the day Gengchen, the Zheng army entered the city of Fang. On the day Xinwei, the city of Fang was assigned to our state. The gentleman considers that Duke Zhuang of Zheng acted in accordance with righteousness in this matter. He carried out the command of the Son of Heaven to punish those feudal lords who did not come to court, yet he did not covet their territory but instead used it to reward those feudal lords who had received their mandates from the Son of Heaven—this truly embodies the spirit of righteousness.

The men of Cai, the men of Wei, and the men of Cheng did not comply with the command of the Son of Heaven to punish the state of Song.

In autumn, in the seventh month, on the day Gengyin, the Zheng army entered the outskirts of the capital but still remained there. The men of Song and the men of Wei entered Zheng, with the men of Cai following them, and they attacked the state of Dai. In the eighth month, on the day Renshu, Duke Zhuang of Zheng besieged Dai. On the day Guihai, he captured Dai and took the armies of Song, Wei, and Cai prisoner. The states of Song and Wei had already entered Zheng, but because they attacked Dai and summoned the men of Cai, the men of Cai became angry, and thus the three armies were disunited and were defeated.

In the ninth month, on the day Wuyin, Duke Zhuang of Zheng entered the state of Song.

In winter, the men of Qi and the men of Zheng entered the state of Cheng, in order to punish Cheng for violating the command of the Son of Heaven.