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Duke Huan

Duke Huan, Year 13

Chapter 13

In the thirteenth year, in spring, in the second month, Duke Huan of Lu met with the Marquis of Ji and the Earl of Zheng. On the ji-si day, they fought with the Marquis of Qi, the Duke of Song, the Marquis of Wei, and the men of Yan. The armies of Qi, Song, Wei, and Yan were greatly defeated.

In the third month, Duke Xuan of Wei was buried.

In summer, there was a great flood.

In autumn, the seventh month.

In winter, the tenth month.

In the thirteenth year, in spring, Qu Xia of Chu attacked the state of Luo. Dou Bobi saw him off. Upon returning, Dou Bobi said to his charioteer: "Mo'ao (Qu Xia) will surely be defeated. He walked with his feet lifted high, showing that his mind is not steady." So Dou Bobi went to see the King of Chu and said: "You must increase the troops." The King of Chu refused his advice. After returning to the palace, the King told his wife Deng Man. Deng Man said: "The grand master Dou Bobi's words were not about the number of troops, but about the ruler using trust to pacify the people, using virtue to instruct the officials, and using punishment to awe Mo'ao. Mo'ao is accustomed to the victory at the Battle of Pu Sao; he will become self-righteous and will surely despise Luo. If the ruler does not restrain him, how could he not fail to prepare defenses? Dou Bobi's true intention was to ask the ruler to admonish the people and properly pacify them, to summon the officials and encourage them with fine virtue, and when seeing Mo'ao, to tell him that Heaven does not easily forgive faults. Otherwise, would Dou Bobi not know that the entire army of Chu had already been dispatched?" The King sent men from Lai to pursue Qu Xia, but they did not catch up. Mo'ao sent orders throughout the army, saying: "Whoever dares to offer remonstrance will be punished." When they reached the Yan River, the army crossed in disorder, thus losing formation, and they did not set up defenses. Upon arriving at Luo, the armies of Luo and Lu Rong attacked from both sides, inflicting a great defeat on the Chu army. Mo'ao hanged himself in the Huang Valley, while the other commanders were imprisoned at Yefu, awaiting punishment. The King of Chu said: "This is my fault." So he pardoned them all.

Song repeatedly demanded goods from Zheng, and Zheng could not bear the burden. Therefore, Zheng joined with Ji, Lu, and Qi to fight against Song, Wei, and Yan. The text does not record the location of the battle because the ruler of Lu arrived late.

Zheng sent someone to request a renewal of friendly relations.