Duke Zhuang's 31st Year

In the thirty-first year, in spring, a high terrace was built at Lang.

In summer, in the fourth month, the Earl of Xue died.

A high terrace was built at Xue.

In the sixth month, the Marquis of Qi came to present the spoils of war taken from the Rong.

In autumn, a high terrace was built at Qin.

In winter, there was no rain.

In the thirty-first year, in summer, in the sixth month, the Marquis of Qi came to present the spoils of war taken from the Rong. This was contrary to ritual propriety. Whenever a feudal lord achieved merit in attacking the Four Barbarians, he would present the spoils to the Son of Heaven, who would thereby warn the barbarians; this was not done among the states of the Central Plains. Feudal lords did not exchange captives with one another.